What HEIF Actually Is
HEIF stands for High Efficiency Image File Format. It is a container that wraps an HEVC-encoded image, which is the same codec family used for 4K video. Samsung introduced HEIF capture on the Galaxy line, Sony added it on the Xperia series, and a handful of other Android OEMs followed. Apple uses the same codec but a slightly different container called HEIC.
The codec is identical, which is why this tool decodes both .heif and .heic files with the same path. If your phone outputs .heif and you need to send the photo to a Windows PC, an older Android, or any webmail upload form, JPG is the conversion that gets you back to “works everywhere”.